Sentences have four structures: simple, compound, complex, and compound-complex, the sentence's structure depends on the number and types of clauses it contains.
Clauses also have two types: independent and subordinate. Independent clauses have a subject and a predicate. They stand alone or can stand alone. Subordinate clauses also have subject and predicate, but they function within sentences as adj., verb, or noun; they can't stand alone.
e.g.
simple sentence: His aim is to get high scores in this quiz.
compound sentence:Hurry up! You will be late!
complex sentence: He said that he was late for school yesterday.
compound-complex sentence: I ask him some simple questions, but he doesn't know.
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